The Light of Christ Journey

Encouraging people on their journey with Christ

What are the days of awe? These are the days between the Festival of Trumpets and the Day of Atonement. These two Jewish festivals are the first of three fall Festivals that begin in September and October of our calendar.

Festival of Trumpets Begins Days of Awe

God gives limited instructions for the Festival of Trumpets in Leviticus 23. Leviticus 23: 23 The Lord said to Moses, 24 “Give the following instructions to the people of Israel. On the first day of the appointed month in early autumn you are to observe a day of complete rest. It will be an official day for holy assembly, a day commemorated with loud blasts of a trumpet. 25 You must do no ordinary work on that day. Instead, you are to present special gifts to the Lord.”[1]

On the first day of the seventh month of the Jewish calendar, which is either September or October, God’s people were to celebrate the Festival of Trumpets. This day is also known as Rosh Hashanah, which is Hebrew for the “head of the year.” This was the first day of a Jewish civil new year. [2]

A blowing of the trumpets announced the days of awe – a time of soul searching and repentance to prepare for the Day of Atonement on the 10th day of the same month. The days of awe were preparation for the most solemn of the Jewish festivals listed in Leviticus 23.

Days of Preparation for Jesus

God sent John the Baptist as a forerunner to Jesus. When Gabriel announced the birth of John to his father, Zechariah, he prophesied what John would do. Luke 1: 17 He will be a man with the spirit and power of Elijah. He will prepare the people for the coming of the Lord. He will turn the hearts of the fathers to their children, and he will cause those who are rebellious to accept the wisdom of the godly.[3]

Matthew gives us more insight into John the Baptist in his Gospel. Matthew 3:1In those days John the Baptist came to the Judean wilderness and began preaching. His message was, “Repent of your sins and turn to God, for the Kingdom of Heaven is near.” The prophet Isaiah was speaking about John when he said, “He is a voice shouting in the wilderness, ‘Prepare the way for the Lord’s coming! Clear the road for him!’” [4]

In the Old Testament, priests blew trumpets to get the people’s attention so they could prepare their hearts to receive forgiveness during the service of the Day of Atonement. John the Baptist came as a voice in the wilderness, telling the people to repent. Their hearts needed to be changed and prepared for the coming of Jesus and His forgiveness.

To hear more about the days of awe, listen here:

https://podpoint.com/light-of-christ-church-podcast/the-festivals-of-trumpets-day-of-atonement


[1,3,4] Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. 

[2] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). Be Holy (p. 109). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.

At the end of God’s instructions for the Festival of Weeks or Pentecost, He gives instructions for what we might call “Biblical welfare.” Leviticus 23: 22 “When you harvest the crops of your land, do not harvest the grain along the edges of your fields, and do not pick up what the harvesters drop. Leave it for the poor and the foreigners living among you. I am the Lord your God.[1]

Remembering the Poor Has Positive Consequences

Pentecost marked the end of the wheat harvest. It would have been a time of bounty, and God commanded the Jews to remember the poor. They weren’t to send grain to the poor but allow them to harvest grain in the corners of the field. This allowed the poor to maintain dignity and purpose while still obtaining food.

The book of Ruth tells the story of how this worked. Ruth and her mother-in-law Naomi, were widows without means of support. Ruth went out into the fields of Boaz and was able to harvest grain to take home. Thus, Ruth could feed herself and her mother-in-law. As a result of her gleaning, Boaz noticed Ruth and eventually married her. From that marriage came a son, Obed, who would be the grandfather of King David.

Early Christians took Care of the Poor

Roman society had little time for the poor. Christians, on the other hand, saw each person as a child of God with worth and took care of the poor.

Acts 2: 43 A deep sense of awe came over them all, and the apostles performed many miraculous signs and wonders. 44 And all the believers met together in one place and shared everything they had45 They sold their property and possessions and shared the money with those in need. 46 They worshiped together at the Temple each day, met in homes for the Lord’s Supper, and shared their meals with great joy and generosity— 47 all the while praising God and enjoying the goodwill of all the people. And each day the Lord added to their fellowship those who were being saved.[2]

Throughout history, Christians have cared for those on the margins of society. Hospitals and orphanages have been built because of the desire to serve God by serving others. Biblical welfare has brought many to faith in Jesus.

To hear more about Biblical welfare, listen here:

https://podpoint.com/light-of-christ-church-podcast/the-festival-of-pentecost


[1-2] Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188.

God had told Moses to observe Pentecost from generation to generation. This is an ancient celebration, although most 21st-century Christians think Pentecost is a New Testament celebration.

Leviticus 23: 20 “The priest will lift up the two lambs as a special offering to the Lord, together with the loaves representing the first of your crops. These offerings, which are holy to the Lord, belong to the priests. 21 That same day will be proclaimed an official day for holy assembly, a day on which you do no ordinary work. This is a permanent law for you, and it must be observed from generation to generation wherever you live.[1]

Repeated Instructions to Celebrate for all Generations

When God gave Moses instructions for the first Passover/Unleavened Bread celebrations, He told the people twice to celebrate for all generations. Exodus 12: 14 “This is a day to remember. Each year, from generation to generation, you must celebrate it as a special festival to the Lord. This is a law for all time… 17 “Celebrate this Festival of Unleavened Bread, for it will remind you that I brought your forces out of the land of Egypt on this very day. This festival will be a permanent law for you; celebrate this day from generation to generation.[2]

God also gives a similar instruction for the celebration of the Festival of First Fruits. Leviticus 23: 14 Do not eat any bread or roasted grain or fresh kernels on that day until you bring this offering to your God. This is a permanent law for you, and it must be observed from generation to generation wherever you live.[3]

Pentecost Has Been Celebrated for Generations

Most modern Christians are not familiar with the Jewish Festivals of Leviticus 23. These celebrations have been lost over time, even though God had commanded that they be observed for all generations. Church leaders established the current liturgical calendar at the end of the fourth century. By that time, there was a divide between the Jews and the Christian church. Godly men attempted to honor God through celebrations throughout the year.

We do have some parallels with the Jewish Festivals as we celebrate Jesus’ crucifixion and Resurrection at the same time as the Festivals of Passover, Unleavened Bread, and First Fruits. At least Pentecost is still celebrated from generation to generation. Unfortunately, many modern Christians don’t realize that this celebration was put into place 1400 years before Jesus was born. Knowing the origins of our Pentecost celebration adds to the awe of the plan God had for us from the beginning.

To hear how we are to observe Pentecost from generation to generation, listen here:

https://podpoint.com/light-of-christ-church-podcast/the-festival-of-pentecost


[1-3]Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188.

Three times a year, Jerusalem filled with people as they came to celebrate the three main festivals. These were Passover/Unleavened Bread, Pentecost, and the Festival of Shelters (fall Festival). God had commanded that His people meet at the Temple to celebrate these festivals.

Deuteronomy 16: 16 “Each year every man in Israel must celebrate these three festivals: the Festival of Unleavened Bread, the Festival of Harvest, and the Festival of Shelters. On each of these occasions, all men must appear before the Lord your God at the place he chooses, but they must not appear before the Lord without a gift for him. 17 All must give as they are able, according to the blessings given to them by the Lord your God.[1]

Jerusalem was Filled with Pilgrims at Pentecost

By the time of Jesus, Jews had spread across the Roman Empire. The goal of observant Jews was to be able to celebrate one of the pilgrimage Festivals in Jerusalem. Realistically, if a Jew lived many miles away from Jerusalem, they may only be able to celebrate a festival in Jerusalem once in a lifetime. Travel was expensive and time-consuming, limiting options.

The Festival of Weeks, or Pentecost, was well-attended. Passover/Unleavened Bread was early in the spring, and travel could be more difficult. By the time of Pentecost, the weather was better, and traveling was easier. This meant that at the time of the giving of the Holy Spirit, many Jews from all parts of the Roman Empire would have swelled the population of Jerusalem several times over.

Acts 2: They were completely amazed. “How can this be?” they exclaimed. “These people are all from Galilee, and yet we hear them speaking in our own native languages! Here we are—Parthians, Medes, Elamites, people from Mesopotamia, Judea, Cappadocia, Pontus, the province of Asia, 10 Phrygia, Pamphylia, Egypt, and the areas of Libya around Cyrene, visitors from Rome 11 (both Jews and converts to Judaism), Cretans, and Arabs. And we all hear these people speaking in our own languages about the wonderful things God has done!” 12 They stood there amazed and perplexed. “What can this mean?” they asked each other.[2]

The Jerusalem Visitors Would Take the Good News of Jesus with Them

The Jewish pilgrims would have spoken many languages. The Holy Spirit enabled uneducated disciples from the backwater area of Galilee to speak the languages of the Jewish pilgrims. This way, they would understand what God had done through Jesus. They would take this new knowledge with them as they returned home. Not only would they be able to tell their Jewish community about Jesus, but since these people lived in Gentile areas, they would also be able to share Jesus with their Gentile neighbors.

The two loaves of the Pentecost offering, the Jews and Gentiles, were coming together in a new beginning of the church of Jesus on earth. To hear how Jerusalem filled with people and how that affected the church, listen here:

https://podpoint.com/light-of-christ-church-podcast/the-festival-of-pentecost


[1,2] Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188.

Pentecost symbolized a new beginning for God’s people as they left Egypt. They had moved to Egypt as families of the twelve sons of Jacob. They lived in Egypt for 430 years, most of it in slavery. As slaves, their overseers had always told them what to do.

Then God came and worked through Moses to free His people from bondage. It took ten plagues for Pharaoh to release the people. The Hebrew people witnessed the miracles of the plagues and experienced the protection of the Passover lamb. Then God parted the Red Sea and fed them with food and quail in the wilderness. Finally, God brought them to the foot of Mount Sinai.

There God would begin to make a group of twelve tribes into one people and nation through the Law. It was a new beginning for the nation of Israel.

Pentecost was the Beginning of the Church

Jesus came to earth and at the age of thirty began His ministry. He chose twelve men to be His followers. Jesus mentored these men for three years and trained them to continue His ministry when He returned to the Father.

Acts 1: During the forty days after he (Jesus) suffered and died, he appeared to the apostles from time to time, and he proved to them in many ways that he was actually alive. And he talked to them about the Kingdom of God.

Once when he was eating with them, he commanded them, “Do not leave Jerusalem until the Father sends you the gift he promised, as I told you before. John baptized with  water, but in just a few days you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit.”[1]

Jesus knew His disciples would need the empowering of the Holy Spirit to carry out the task He had trained them for. They were obedient and waited in Jerusalem for the Holy Spirit. When it fell on the Festival of Pentecost, it was the beginning of the church.

Luke gives us insight into how the church grew. Acts 2: 46 They worshiped together at the Temple each day, met in homes for the Lord’s Supper, and shared their meals with great joy and generosity— 47 all the while praising God and enjoying the goodwill of all the people. And each day the Lord added to their fellowship those who were being saved.[2]

Pentecost Still Symbolizes a New Beginning for Each of Us

It is through the power of the Holy Spirit that God draws us into a relationship with Him. Ephesians 2:19 So now you Gentiles are no longer strangers and foreigners. You are citizens along with all of God’s holy people. You are members of God’s family. 20 Together, we are his house, built on the foundation of the apostles and the prophets. And the cornerstone is Christ Jesus himself. 21 We are carefully joined together in him, becoming a holy temple for the Lord. 22 Through him you Gentiles are also being made part of this dwelling where God lives by his Spirit.[3]

To hear how Pentecost symbolized a new beginning, listen here:

https://podpoint.com/light-of-christ-church-podcast/the-festival-of-pentecost


[1-3] Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. 

We see a surprising and an unusual offering requirement in the Festival of Weeks. God asks for two loaves made of the flour from the new crop of wheat and made with yeast. In addition to these loaves, He also requires multiple burnt offerings, a sin offering, and a peace offering.

Leviticus 23:17 From wherever you live, bring two loaves of bread to be lifted up before the Lord as a special offering. Make these loaves from four quarts of choice flour, and bake them with yeast. They will be an offering to the Lord from the first of your crops. 18 Along with the bread, present seven one-year-old male lambs with no defects, one young bull, and two rams as burnt offerings to the Lord. These burnt offerings, together with the grain offerings and liquid offerings, will be a special gift, a pleasing aroma to the Lord. 19 Then you must offer one male goat as a sin offering and two one-year-old male lambs as a peace offering.[1]

Why an Offering Made with Yeast?

We just learned that in the second Holy Day, the Festival of Unleavened Bread, listed in Leviticus 23, there was to be no yeast in the bread for eight days. God’s people were commanded not to eat leavened bread. And God commanded them to remove all leaven from their homes. This was so important that if an individual used yeast during the Festival of Unleavened Bread, they were to be excluded from the Jewish community. Leaven is an image of the corruption of sin.

We have also learned that the Festival of Weeks, or Pentecost, coincided with the anniversary of the giving of the Law at Mount Sinai. God wrote the Law on two stone tablets. These laws revealed the people’s sin. The Pentecost offering of two loaves represented the two tablets, and the leaven represented the sin of the people. These two loaves were wave offerings, as it was illegal to burn leaven on the Temple altar.

In addition to the two loaves of bread, there were multiple blood sacrifices, a sin sacrifice, and a peace sacrifice. Thus, sinful man can only be accepted when there is a blood offering for sin and when peace is made with God.

Two Leaven Loaves and the Giving of the Holy Spirit

At the Pentecost celebration of Acts 2, both Jewish and Gentile believers were present. The two leavened loaves picture the two ethnicities coming together just as they were with their sin. But Jesus didn’t let them stay in their sin. Instead of the blood of lambs and bulls paying the price for their sin, Jesus, as Messiah, had paid the blood price on the cross. Hence, the people could find cleansing of their sins and a new life in Jesus.

The Pentecost offering pictured the Gospel message. We are sinful, but we can come together because of the cross. This provided the disciples an opportunity to preach the Good News of Jesus in the languages of all the people. They would put a new twist on an already familiar offering. To hear more about an unusual offering, listen here:

https://podpoint.com/light-of-christ-church-podcast/the-festival-of-pentecost


[1]Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188.

About fifty days after leaving Egypt, God’s people had a Mount Sinai experience. God had appeared to Moses in a burning bush on Mount Sinai as Moses was shepherding sheep. God called Moses to return to Egypt and would use him to free the Hebrew people from the Egyptians. After a short debate, God gave Moses a sign. Exodus 3: 12 God answered, “I will be with you. And this is your sign that I am the one who has sent you: When you have brought the people out of Egypt, you will worship God at this very mountain.” [1]

God instituted the Festival of Weeks as a second first fruit celebration. This time, it was the first fruit of the wheat harvest, not the barley harvest. Yet, the timing of the festival, fifty days after Passover, was also the time of the people’s arrival at Mount Sinai. As a result, the Hebrew people also celebrated the giving of the Law at Sinai during the Festival of Weeks, or Pentecost.

The First Mount Sinai Experience

God wanted to meet with His people at Sinai and gave instructions on how they should do this. God appeared in smoke and fire, which frightened the people. They asked Moses to meet with God on their behalf. So, Moses went up the mountain to meet with God. But the people thought that Moses was taking too long. Perhaps this God of fire and smoke may have killed Moses.

Exodus 32:1When the people saw how long it was taking Moses to come back down the mountain, they gathered around Aaron. “Come on,” they said, “make us some gods who can lead us. We don’t know what happened to this fellow Moses, who brought us here from the land of Egypt.”[2] So the people built a golden calf and began to worship it instead of the true God.

God was angry and sent Moses back down the mountain. As a result of the judgment of God, three thousand Hebrew people died because of their sin. Moses then interceded for the people, and the Lord forgave them.

A Second Mount Sinai Experience.

The Apostle Paul trained Luke, who wrote the book of Acts. Paul would have trained Luke in a Jewish worldview. Just as there was smoke and fire at the first Sinai experience, there were tongues of fire and wind at Pentecost. At the first Sinai experience, the people’s sin caused 3,000 to die. But after the Holy Spirit enabled the disciples to tell the good news in multiple languages, three thousand people were added to the church.

Acts 2:40 Then Peter continued preaching for a long time, strongly urging all his listeners, “Save yourselves from this crooked generation!” 41 Those who believed what Peter said were baptized and added to the church that day—about 3,000 in all.[3]

The Law given in the original Mount Sinai experience reveals the sins that condemn us, but the Holy Spirit, who came on Pentecost, reveals a Savior who saves us. So, God revealed the fulfillment of the Festival of Weeks as He sent the Holy Spirit. To hear more about a Mount Sinai experience, listen here:

https://podpoint.com/light-of-christ-church-podcast/the-festival-of-pentecost


[1-3] Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. 

The fourth holy day of Leviticus 23 is known as the Festival of Weeks, Shavuot, or Pentecost. Why so many confusing names? It depends on the language. The English translation would be the Festival of Weeks, while the Hebrew word for weeks is Shavuot. Later, this holiday was known as Pentecost in Greek. This was because it referred to fifty days.

Institution of Shavuot

While God’s people were still wandering in the wilderness, He gave instructions for celebrating this holy day when they entered the promised land. Leviticus 23: 15 “From the day after the Sabbath—the day you bring the bundle of grain to be lifted up as a special offering—count off seven full weeks. 16 Keep counting until the day after the seventh Sabbath, fifty days later. Then present an offering of new grain to the Lord.[1] 

This fourth Holy Day was also a first-fruits celebration; this time, the first of the wheat harvest, rather than the earlier barley harvest. It was to be a “week of weeks” or seven times seven days plus one day after Passover. Therefore, the day is known as Shavuot, which means “weeks” in Hebrew. The Festival of Weeks was always fifty days after Passover. When Greek became more dominant, this Holy Day came to be known as Pentecost because “pente” means fifty.

The Festival of Weeks is Always Connected with Passover

The foundation for the Festival of Weeks, like Unleavened Bread, and the Festival of First Fruits, is Passover. The Festival of Weeks would not have been possible if God had not taken His people out of Egypt and placed them in the promised land.

Years later, Pentecost and the coming of the Holy Spirit would not have been possible without the death and resurrection of Jesus. The foundation of our faith is Jesus and His work on the cross. Jesus would leave this earth, but would send a helper for us. John 14: 26 But when the Father sends the Advocate as my representative—that is, the Holy Spirit—he will teach you everything and will remind you of everything I have told you.[2]

As 21st-century Christians, we don’t think of Pentecost as an ancient celebration. But it is. God instituted it 1400 years before Christ walked this earth. Jesus gave a new meaning to Passover, the Festival of Unleavened Bread, and the Festival of First Fruits. And now, after the cross, Jesus gave Pentecost a new, deeper meaning. It now represents the coming of the Holy Spirit to build the church of Jesus.


[1,2] Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. 

The Apostle Paul tells us that, in the end, we have victory over death. Now this is a future event, but it has compelling implications for each of us. If Jesus did not really rise to a new life in a physical body, we might as well live for this earthly life and do as we please.

But the resurrection is true, and Jesus is coming again. Even if we die before Jesus returns, He will raise us at His coming and we will stand before Him in a glorified body.

Paul Gives Insight into Victory over Our Final Foe

1 Corinthians 15: 51 But let me reveal to you a wonderful secret. We will not all die, but we will all be transformed! 52 It will happen in a moment, in the blink of an eye, when the last trumpet is blown. For when the trumpet sounds, those who have died will be raised to live forever. And we who are living will also be transformed. 53 For our dying bodies must be transformed into bodies that will never die; our mortal bodies must be transformed into immortal bodies.

54 Then, when our dying bodies have been transformed into bodies that will never die, this Scripture will be fulfilled:

“Death is swallowed up in victory
55 O death, where is your victory?
    O death, where is your sting?”

56 For sin is the sting that results in death, and the law gives sin its power. 57 But thank God! He gives us victory over sin and death through our Lord Jesus Christ.[1]

Our God of Victory

In the above passage, Paul quoted from Isaiah. Isaiah 25:There he will remove the cloud of gloom, the shadow of death that hangs over the earth. He will swallow up death forever! The Sovereign Lord will wipe away all tears. He will remove forever all insults and mockery against his land and people. The Lord has spoken! In that day the people will proclaim, “This is our God! We trusted in him, and he saved us! This is the Lord, in whom we trusted. Let us rejoice in the salvation he brings!”[2]

This is the God we serve, a great God who gives us victory over death. He even cared enough to foreshadow what He would do through the Messiah in the yearly festivals of Leviticus 23. As we allow the Holy Spirit to open our eyes to God’s insight, our faith continues to grow, and we have hope for the future.

To hear more about victory over death, listen here:

https://podpoint.com/light-of-christ-church-podcast/the-festival-of-first-fruits


[1,2] Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188.

The First Fruit offering given at the Temple was a pledge of hope that the full harvest would follow. The people were not allowed to eat any of the new crop until the offering was made.

By the time of Jesus, the Temple had specific fields that were “harvested” a few sprigs of barley at a time. Several fields and different parts of these fields had grain gathered to form a representative sheaf to take to the Temple. The priest waved this sheaf, and gave the corresponding offerings. At that point, the people could resume the full harvest. There was a specific order to the way things were done.

Paul Explains the Pledge of the First Fruits

1 Corinthians 15: 20 But in fact, Christ has been raised from the dead. He is the first of a great harvest of all who have died. 21 So you see, just as death came into the world through a man, now the resurrection from the dead has begun through another man. 22 Just as everyone dies because we all belong to Adam, everyone who belongs to Christ will be given new life. 23 But there is an order to this resurrection: Christ was raised as the first of the harvest; then all who belong to Christ will be raised when he comes back.[1]

The Pledge of Hope Comes in Surprising Timing

The Jews had looked for the Messiah to come and free them from the Roman political machine. But Jesus came in an unexpected way. They had anticipated that everyone would be raised at the end of history. Instead, here is one person, Jesus Christ, who was raised in the middle of history. When Paul speaks of the “order of resurrection,” I believe he is referring to two distinct things.

First, is the chronological order of events. Jesus has become the first to rise from the dead. Others had risen from the dead in both the Old and New Testaments. Examples of each would be Elijah raising the widow’s son (1 Kings 17:17-24) and Lazarus (John 11). Each of these came back to earthly life, but eventually died again. However, Jesus rose never to die again.

Secondly, eventually, in Jesus’ second coming, everything that sin had corrupted would be made right again. We have hope that in this second coming, we will be raised in our new bodies to live eternally with Jesus.

The Festival of First Fruits foreshadows Jesus acting as a pledge for the final harvest. We have a pledge of hope of eternity with our Maker through what Jesus did on the cross. To hear more, listen here:

https://podpoint.com/light-of-christ-church-podcast/the-festival-of-first-fruits


[1] Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188.